Reading Instruction Competence Assessment (RICA) Practice Test

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What are graphophonemic errors related to?

  1. Lack of reading fluency

  2. Sound-symbol relationships in English

  3. Inability to recognize vocabulary

  4. Low comprehension levels

The correct answer is: Sound-symbol relationships in English

Graphophonemic errors are primarily associated with sound-symbol relationships in English. These errors occur when a reader struggles to connect the sounds of spoken language (phonemes) with the letters or letter combinations used to represent those sounds (graphemes). This relationship is crucial in understanding how to decode written text. When learners misread words or make substitutions based on incorrect sound-symbol associations, it reflects a misunderstanding of how letters correspond to the sounds they represent. This concept is foundational in the process of developing reading skills, as proficient reading relies heavily on accurately recognizing and utilizing these relationships. In contrast, the other choices address different aspects of reading. Lack of reading fluency pertains to the reader's speed and accuracy when reading, while the inability to recognize vocabulary and low comprehension levels involve understanding and interpreting meaning rather than the technical processing of sounds and letters. Therefore, focusing on sound-symbol relationships is key to understanding graphophonemic errors.